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  • 2018.02.07 06:30
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Korea as a startup nation: 2018 scoreboard (part 2)

Last week I wrote about my personal history as a startup investor in Korea. It overlaps quite interestingly with the beginning of the ¡°creative economy¡± that started with President Park and continues under President Moon. I believe the idea of creating a Korean ¡°startup nation¡± is an important one, but I also think we need to admit the results so far are disappointing. Due to the fact the government involvement was a large one (and seems to be necessary), I¡¯d like to be more specific about the good and the bad in government startup related activities.

Let's start with what the government did right. First, without setting the policy in the first place, we would not even having this discussion. I remember the time before the government startup initiative: there was simply no way for an early stage startup to raise money. VCs did not invest in startups unless the startup was already big and profitable; angel investors were few and could offer little money. No one wanted to take the risk of a Korean startup going global and failing so the focus was on the domestic market. In other words: if the next Facebook, Google or Twitter had wanted to start in Korea in 2012 they would have not made it.

Just setting the policy that pointed VCs towards early stage startups; encouraging angel investing and setting the tone, letting everyone know that startups were a priority, injected a stimulant into the ecosystem. In addition, the government was directly involved in setting up the ecosystem. Media companies, exhibitions, shows, angel clubs were all sponsored and supported by the government, giving Korea the necessary components for a startup nation.

The government also helped with more practical things, like assisting startups to ¡°flip¡± a Korean entity into a US one. This is often the kiss of death by governments who try to keep successful startups in their borders, eventually killing their success.

However, with all the compliments, we should also look at what the government has done poorly. As I mentioned, when measured by ROI the results are not good. Several billion dollars invested and not a single successful global startup that we can use as an example to the rest. What went wrong?

Probably the most obvious thing would be the government¡¯s adverse to failure. Government agents are used to be measured by the success of the projects they carry on; if their project is to support a startup, their biggest fear is that the startup will fail, reflecting poorly on them.

But in the startup world, failure is a part of success. In fact, frequent failure is what leads to success. The aversion to failure by the government led to dozens of ¡°zombie¡± startups – not quite dead but not really alive, either – getting artificial capital infusions from the government to prevent them from failing. It also prevented them from backing entrepreneurs with history of failures – although these are exactly the most valuable entrepreneurs of all; once you¡¯ve failed once or twice you are more likely to learn from your mistakes and do better next time.

The government should incorporate failure into their method of operation. Startup failure is not a bad thing.

Another issue was the excessive reliance on local mentorship. Let's face it – Korea is not yet a startup nation, which means that although there are smart and good meaning mentors in Korea, they usually do not have the experience in creating a successful global business. To avoid ¡°the blind leading the blind¡±, there should be a bigger focus on getting mentorship from abroad. This will also bring in fresh ideas and new perspectives.

Finally, while the government was happy to bring people from overseas for a quick lecture or seminar, they made it difficult or impossible for foreign investors to gain any benefits from investing in Korean startups. It seems like the Korean startup ecosystem is built in a way to prevent sharing the success with non-Koreans. Matching funds, angel clubs and other convenient tools are all blocked from investors coming from overseas, exactly those people that ironically may have the know-how and experience to help Korean startups succeed.

What will 2018 bring? I¡¯m still very positive about Korea¡¯s outlook as a startup nation. Also, the government seems to be learning from their mistakes and adapting. Let's hope for a breakthrough that will finally put Korea on the global startup map.

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